อ้างอิง ของ อับบาส อิบน์ ฟิรนาส

  1. ↑ "Arabic and Islamic Names of the Moon Craters MuslimHeritage 9-28-07". คลังข้อมูลเก่า เก็บจาก แหล่งเดิม เมื่อ 2013-10-16. สืบค้นเมื่อ 2009-07-14.
  2. ↑ "Ibn Firnas ('Abbâs)" by Ahmed Djebbar, Dictionnaire culturel des science, by Collective under the direction of Nicolas Witkowski, Du Regard Editions, 2003, ISBN 2-84105-128-5.
  3. ↑ Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (Spring, 1961). "Eilmer of Malmesbury, an Eleventh Century Aviator: A Case Study of Technological Innovation, Its Context and Tradition", Technology and Culture 2 (2), p. 97-111 [100]:
    "Ibn Firnas was a polymath: a physician, a rather bad poet, the first to make glass from stones (quartz), a student of music, and inventor of some sort of metronome."
  4. 1 2 3 Lévi-Provençal, E. (1986). "ʿAbbās b. Firnās". ใน Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (บ.ก.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. I (2nd ed.). Brill publishers. p. 11.
  5. ↑ How Invention Begins: Echoes of Old Voices in the Rise of New MachinesBy John H. Lienhard
  6. 1 2 "'Abbas Ibn Firnas". John H. Lienhard. The Engines of Our Ingenuity. NPR. KUHF-FM Houston. 2004. No. 1910. Transcript.
  7. 1 2 Lynn Townsend White, Jr. (Spring, 1961). "Eilmer of Malmesbury, an Eleventh Century Aviator: A Case Study of Technological Innovation, Its Context and Tradition", Technology and Culture 2 (2), p. 97-111 [100f.]
  8. ↑ Vernet, Juan (1981) [1970]. "Abbas Ibn Firnas". ใน Gillespie, C.C. (บ.ก.). Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Volume 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 5.
  9. ↑ Marshall Cavendish Reference. Illustrated Dictionary of the Muslim World. Marshall Cavendish, 2010 ISBN 9780761479291 p.106.

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